托福考试：事实信息题的解题方法

备考托福考试的同学都想要突破托福阅读，取得托福阅读高分，对此我们不仅要有足够的词汇基础，还需要掌握一些技巧。以下是新东方网给大家分享的托福考试阅读技巧：事实信息题的解题方法。希望对大家的托福备考有所帮助。

　　一、提问方式

　　1、 According to Paragraph…, which of the following is true about X?

　　2、According to Paragraph…, how / what/ why…?

　　3、Paragraph… / The passage supports which of the following statements aboutX?

　　带有提问方式的题型有以下几个特点：

　　a. 该题型属于细节类题型，并且在大部分情况下题干中会出现一个明确的细节定位词───X。

　　b. 该题型是对细节信息的正面提问(由题干中true / support可知)，这一点与否定事实信息题相反。

　　c. 该题型疑问部分一般由特殊疑问词：which / how / what / why… 引导，可以得出该题型可以就某细节信息的具体“特性、原因、方式等”进行发问。

　　二、解题步骤

　　第一步：读题干，划出定位词。

　　定位词特点：

　　a. 在提问方式1和3当中就是X所代表的部分。

　　b. 在提问方式2中比较复杂，一般是寻找该句中的名词部分，多数充当句中的主语或宾语。

　　c. 定位词有可能是原文原词或者近义词。

　　例题1： According to paragraph 6, which of the following statementsabout aquifers in deserts is true? (TPO 12Water in the Desert)

　　本题干的定位词即aquifers, 符合提问方式1。

　　例题2： According to paragraph 7, why would a social group use shunning?(TPO 13 Types of Social Groups)

　　本题干的定位词即shunning, 符合提问方式2。

　　例题3：Paragraph 1 supports which of the following statements aboutpainting in Europe? (TPO 4 Cave Art in Europe)

　　本题干的定位词即是painting in Europe, 符合提问方式3。

　　第二步：根据定位词回原文进行定位。

　　1、若定位词非原文原词，在定位过程中要对其在原文中的同义替换词敏感。

　　2、若定位词在原文中出现若干次，要关注所有出现过的地方。

雅思阅读技巧：Matching headings  Task description

　　In this type of question, you will be given a list of headings. The instructions will also indicate around 4 to 6 paragraphs from the reading text. The task is to find the most suitable heading for each of the paragraphs. There will be more headings than paragraphs, and you shouldn抰 use any heading more than once unless the instructions tell you that you can.

　　To complete this task well, you will need to be able to identify each paragraph抯 main focus. The correct heading will sum up the main idea of the paragraph.

　　You may like to print out the original reading text before attempting this test.

　　What is being tested is your ability to:

　　Identify the main idea of a paragraph

　　How to approach matching headings to paragraphs

　　Step 1: Read the instructions carefully. Note that the heading you choose should sum up the main idea of the paragraph. Also note which paragraphs you need to look at, as you are often not required to do them all.

　　Step 2: Familiarise yourself with the list of paragraph headings by skimming through them quickly.

　　Step 3: Read through the first paragraph for which you have to find a heading. Remember that you are reading to find out the main idea of the paragraph. Concentrate on the main idea or focus of the paragraph and try not to be distracted by details or by unfamiliar vocabulary.

　　Step 4: Choose the heading from the list which best sums up the main point of the paragraph you have just read. If you can抰 choose between two headings, go on to the next paragraph ?you can come back to that question later. But don抰 forget to make a choice before the end of the test because if you leave a blank or you have marked two answers on your answer sheet, you will be graded as incorrect for that question.